Methodology

Limitations

Every number on rangebound is an estimate. This page collects what the estimates leave out, so you can judge how much weight to put on each one.

Models

LVR assumes smooth prices and constant arbitrage. Real arbitrage is less frequent because of trading fees, so LVR leans high. Jumps, especially at the US open, cost more than LVR assumes.
Re-centring is assumed instant. A real LP spends time out of range, and re-centres after the price has moved, when dynamic fees are often higher.
Your position doesn't change the pool's volume. A large new tight range could attract routed flow, or crowd out LPs who bring it.
Vol ratio compares with listed options on the underlying. The token trades 24/7 and its options don't, so overnight risk isn't in the option price.

Volume is derived from fees. On dynamic-fee pools during launch bursts, volume can read noticeably high. Fees themselves are exact.
Buy and sell can't always be told apart. On pools that always take the fee in one token, the split is unknown and the One-sided flag can't fire.
Rebuilt hours. After an outage, missing hours are rebuilt from transaction history. A small share of transactions have truncated logs, so rebuilt hours can read slightly low.
Raydium's liquidity by tick comes from Raydium's own data. It is checked against the on-chain liquidity at the current price, but ticks away from the price aren't read from chain directly. Orca's is built from the positions and is as fresh as the last hourly scan.
Market data is unofficial. Listed stock and option data come from public sources, not an exchange feed.
On-chain volatility reads high in thin pools, where trades bounce the price.

Only open positions worth $500 or more in tracked pools are indexed.
Closed positions disappear from wallets and pool tables, because closing burns the NFT. Tables of open positions therefore show survivors.
One-sided flows with no nearby swap are valued at the range edge and marked approx.
Changes take up to an hour to appear, and a changed position shows its last complete reading until it is re-read.
Hedges elsewhere aren't visible. A position's P&L covers the pool only.

Two venues. Raydium CLMM and Orca Whirlpools. Meteora DLMM and other venues aren't covered yet. See Supported venues and assets.
Pairs against USDC. Pools pairing a tokenised stock with SOL or another token aren't tracked as pools, though memes paired against stocks are tracked as memes.

Annualised rates over 5 minutes or 1 hour are noise. Don't act on them alone.